解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Telomere proteins protect the chromosomal terminus from nucleolytic degradation and end-to-end fusion, and they may contribute to telomere length control and the regulation of telomerase. The current studies investigate the effect of Oxytricha single-stranded telomere DNA-binding protein subunits alpha and beta on tel...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.10.1504
更新日期:1998-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Interruption of translation in Escherichia coli can lead to the addition of an 11-residue carboxy-terminal peptide tail to the nascent chain. This modification is mediated by SsrA RNA (also called 10Sa RNA and tmRNA) and marks the tagged polypeptide for proteolysis. Degradation in vivo of lambda repressor amino-termin...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.9.1338
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of hematopoietic progenitors to gamma-irradiation (IR) induces p53-dependent apoptosis and a p53-independent G2/M cell cycle arrest. These responses to DNA-damage can be inhibited by treatment with cytokine growth factors. Here we report that gamma-IR-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest are suppressed by ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.8.1099
更新日期:1998-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects humans and causes a wide range of clinical manifestations, from acute hepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HBV genome contains multiple promoters with gene expression regulated predominantly by the cellular transcription initiation machinery. Accordingly, the HBV-encoded pX,...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.8.1217
更新日期:1998-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::In Drosophila the function of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor is modulated zygotically by three EGF-like proteins: Spitz (Spi), which is a potent activator; Vein (Vn), which is a moderate activator; and Argos (Aos), which is an inhibitor. Chimeric molecules were constructed in which the EGF domain of Vn was...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.7.908
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show the intracellular localization of the Escherichia coli replication origin (oriC) and chromosome terminus during the cell division cycle by FISH. In newborn cells, oriC is localized at the old-pole-proximal nucleoid border and the terminus at the new-pole-proximal nucleoid border. One copy of replicated oriC mi...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.7.1036
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of metazoan cells with some viruses alters the balance of cellular mRNA export to favor viral RNA export and to retain cellular transcripts in the nucleus. Here, evidence is presented to show that the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) essential regulatory protein ICP27, which inhibits host cell-splicing, result...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.6.868
更新日期:1998-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Several previously known transcription cofactors have been demonstrated in vitro recently to be histone acetyltransferases and deacetyltransferases, suggesting that remodeling of chromatin through histone acetylation plays a fundamental role in gene regulation. Clear evidence has not yet been obtained, however, to dem...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.5.640
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::eIF2B is a heteropentameric guanine-nucleotide exchange factor essential for protein synthesis initiation in eukaryotes. Its activity is inhibited in response to starvation or stress by phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of its substrate, translation initiation factor eIF2, resulting in reduced rates of translation ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.4.514
更新日期:1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Previous characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spt4, Spt5, and Spt6 proteins suggested that these proteins act as transcription factors that modify chromatin structure. In this work, we report new genetic and biochemical studies of Spt4, Spt5, and Spt6 that reveal a role for these factors in transcription e...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.3.357
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic analysis in Arabidopsis has led to the identification of several genes that are required for auxin response. One of these genes, AXR1, encodes a protein related to yeast Aos1p, a protein that functions to activate the ubiquitin-related protein Smt3p. Here we report the identification of a new gene called TRANS...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.2.198
更新日期:1998-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mediator was resolved from yeast as a multiprotein complex on the basis of its requirement for transcriptional activation in a fully defined system. Three groups of mediator polypeptides could be distinguished: the products of five SRB genes, identified as suppressors of carboxy-terminal domain (CTD)-truncation mutant...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.12.1.45
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Faithful inheritance of genetic information requires that DNA be copied only once each cell cycle. Initiation of DNA replication involves the establishment of a prereplication complex (pre-RC) and subsequent activation by CDK/cyclins, converting the pre-RC to a post-RC. The origin recognition complex (ORC), Cdc6p, and...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.24.3375
更新日期:1997-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations that influence lin-12 activity in Caenorhabditis elegans may identify conserved factors that regulate the activity of lin-12/Notch proteins. We describe genetic evidence indicating that sel-10 is a negative regulator of lin-12/Notch-mediated signaling in C. elegans. Sequence analysis shows that SEL-10 is a m...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.23.3182
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cdc42p, a Rho-related GTP-binding protein, regulates cytoskeletal polarization and rearrangements in eukaryotic cells, but the effectors mediating this control remain unknown. Through the use of the complete yeast genomic sequence, we have identified two novel Cdc42p targets, Gic1p and Gic2p, which contain consensus C...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.22.2972
更新日期:1997-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The genes pannier (pnr) and u-shaped (ush) are required for the regulation of achaete-scute during establishment of the bristle pattern in Drosophila. pnr encodes a protein belonging to the GATA family of transcription factors, whereas ush encodes a novel zinc finger protein. Genetic interactions between dominant pnr ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.22.3096
更新日期:1997-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Telomeres protect the ends of linear chromosomes from degradation and abnormal recombination events, and in vertebrates may be important in cellular senescence and cancer. However, very little is known about the structure of human telomeres. In this report we purify telomeres and analyze their termini. We show that fo...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.21.2801
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene for an essential protein subunit of nuclear RNase P from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been cloned. The gene for this protein, RPP1, was identified by virtue of its homology with a human scleroderma autoimmune antigen, Rpp30, which copurifies with human RNase P. Epitope-tagged Rpp1 can be found in association ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 更正并重新发布的文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.21.2926
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signals from TGF-beta superfamily receptors are transduced to the nucleus by Smad proteins, which transcriptionally activate target genes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, defects in a TGF-beta-related pathway cause a reversible developmental arrest and metabolic shift at the dauer larval stage. Null mutations in daf-3 supp...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.20.2679
更新日期:1997-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::AU-rich elements (AREs, usually containing repeated copies of AUUUA), when present in the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of many mammalian mRNAs, confer instability on their host RNA molecules. The viral small nuclear RNA (snRNA) Herpesvirus saimiri U RNA 1 (HSUR 1) also contains an AUUUA-rich sequence. Here, we repor...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.19.2557
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombination catalyzed by the Flp site-specific recombinase involves breakage and joining of four DNA strands between two target substrates. The reaction is carried out in two steps of pairwise strand exchanges by a DNA-protein assembly in which four Flp monomers act cooperatively to execute strand cleavage and joini...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.18.2438
更新日期:1997-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The secreted Drosophila Hedgehog (Hh) protein induces transcription of specific genes by an unknown mechanism that requires the serpentine transmembrane protein Smoothened (Smo) and the transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci). Protein kinase A (PKA) has been implicated in the mechanism of Hh signal transduction ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.17.2250
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early during Dictyostelium development a fundamental cell-fate decision establishes the anteroposterior (prestalk/prespore) axis. Signaling via the 7-transmembrane cAMP receptor CAR4 is essential for creating and maintaining a normal pattern; car4-null alleles have decreased levels of prestalk-specific mRNAs but enhan...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.16.2112
更新日期:1997-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The oncoprotein MDM2 binds to the activation domain of the tumor suppressor p53 and inhibits its ability to stimulate transcription. This same region of p53 is able to bind several basal transcription factors that appear to be important for the transactivation function of p53. It has therefore been suggested that MDM2...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.15.1974
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We isolated a novel bHLH protein gene Mesp2 (for mesoderm posterior 2) that cross-hybridizes with Mesp1 expressed in the early mouse mesoderm. Mesp2 is expressed in the rostral presomitic mesoderm, but down-regulated immediately after the formation of the segmented somites. To determine the function of MesP2 protein (...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.14.1827
更新日期:1997-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::During Drosophila embryogenesis, ectodermal cells of the lateral epithelium stretch in a coordinated fashion to internalize the amnioserosa cells and close the embryo dorsally. This process, dorsal closure, requires two signaling pathways: the Drosophila Jun-amino-terminal kinase (DJNK) pathway and the Dpp pathway. We...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.13.1717
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mouse Nedd5 gene encodes a 41.5-kD GTPase similar to the Saccharomyces and Drosophila septins essential for cytokinesis. Nedd5 accumulates near the contractile ring from anaphase through telophase, and finally condenses into the midbody. Microinjection of anti-Nedd5 antibody interferes with cytokinesis, giving ris...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.12.1535
更新日期:1997-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::In petunia flowers, the loci an1, an2, and an11 control the pigmentation of the flower by stimulating the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. The an1 and an2 locus were recently cloned and encode a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and MYB-domain transcriptional activator, respectively. Here, we report the is...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.11.1422
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neurofibromatosis type II (NF2) tumor suppressor encodes a putative cytoskeletal associated protein, the loss of which leads to the development of Schwann cell tumors associated with NF2 in humans. The NF2 protein merlin belongs to the band 4.1 family of proteins that link membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton and...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.10.1253
更新日期:1997-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Symbiotic nitrogen fixation involves the development of specialized organs called nodules within which plant photosynthates are exchanged for combined nitrogen of bacterial origin. To determine the importance of bacterial nitrogen metabolism in symbiosis, we have characterized a key regulator of this metabolism in Rhi...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.9.1194
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have purified and cloned a new splicing factor, KSRP. KSRP is a component of a multiprotein complex that binds specifically to an intronic splicing enhancer element downstream of the neuron-specific c-src N1 exon. This 75-kD protein induces the assembly of five other proteins, including the heterogeneous nuclear ri...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.8.1023
更新日期:1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The distal enhancer of the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain gene has become a paradigm for studies of the assembly and activity of architectural enhancer complexes. Here we have reconstituted regulated TCR alpha enhancer activity in vitro on chromatin templates using purified T-cell transcription factors (LEF-1, AML1...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.7.887
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interactions required for inhibition of poly(A) polymerase (PAP) by the U1 snRNP-specific U1A protein, a reaction whose function is to autoregulate U1A protein production, are examined. PAP inhibition requires a substrate RNA to which at least two molecules of U1A protein can bind tightly, but we demonstrate that the ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.6.761
更新日期:1997-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The cooperation of oncogenes in the transformation of primary rat Schwann cells is a strikingly synergistic process. We have explored the molecular mechanisms involved. Activation of an inducible Raf kinase results in morphologically transformed cells that are arrested in G1 via the induction of p21(CiP1) and subseque...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.5.663
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Rho family of small GTPases are critical elements involved in the regulation of signal transduction cascades from extracellular stimuli to the cell nucleus, including the JNK/SAPK signaling pathway, the c-fos serum response factor, and the p70 S6 kinase. Here we report a novel signaling pathway activated by the Rh...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.4.463
更新日期:1997-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::A prominent feature of cell differentiation is the initiation and maintenance of an irreversible cell cycle arrest with the complex involvement of the retinoblastoma (RB) family (RB, p130, p107). We have isolated the HBP1 transcriptional repressor as a potential target of the RB family in differentiated cells. By homo...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.3.383
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice carrying a germ-line null mutation of the prolactin receptor gene have been produced by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Heterozygous females showed almost complete failure of lactation attributable to greatly reduced mammary gland development after their first, but not subsequent, pregnancies. Homozygous ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.2.167
更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether 9-cis retinoic acid receptors (RXRs) regulate the biological activity of all-trans retinoic acid (tRA) and its receptors (RARs) in skin, we have targeted a dominant-negative RXR alpha (dnRXR alpha) lacking transactivation function AF-2 to differentiated suprabasal keratinocytes in the epidermis of...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.11.1.59
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The SNF1 protein kinase is broadly conserved in eukaryotes and has been implicated in responses to environmental and nutritional stress. In yeast, the SNF1 kinase has a central role in the response to glucose starvation. SNF1 is associated with its activating subunit, SNF4, and other proteins in complexes. Using the t...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.10.24.3105
更新日期:1996-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::A Drosophila FGF receptor homolog (DFGF-R2/DFRI) termed Heartless (Htl) is expressed in the embryonic mesoderm. The phenotypes of null mutant embryos demonstrated that Htl is a central player that is required for the development of several mesodermal lineages. No abnormalities in the primary specification of the mesod...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.10.23.2993
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00